Postmark: Sep 01,94 11:47 AM Delivered: Oct 14,94 10:00 AM
Status: Previously read
Subject: Subsistence News-10/14/94
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Message:
A brief reading list for those interested in Subsistence:
Berger, Thomas R. 1985. Village Journey:The Report of the Alaska Native Review Commission. Hill and Wang: New York.
Case, David S. 1984. Alaska Natives and American Laws. With chapter 8, Traditional Alaska Natives Societies, by Anne D. Shinkwin. University of Alaska Press, Anchorage.
Kruse, John A. and Robert M. Muth. 1990. Subsistence Use of Renewable Resources By Rural Residents of Southeast Alaska. Institute of Social and Economic Research. University of Alaska-Anchorage.
Morehouse, Thomas A. and Marybeth Holleman. 1994. When Values Conflict: Accomodating Alaska Native Subsistence. Occasional Paper No. 22: Institute of Social and Economic Research. University of Alaska-Anchorage.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Record of Decision: Subsistence Management for Federal Public Lands in Alaska. U.S. Government Printing Office, Anchorage.
Postmark: Aug 31,94 1:59 PM Delivered: Oct 07,94 10:00 AM
Status: Previously read
Subject: Subsistence News-10/7/94
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Message:
*A community or area of 2500 or less people is deemed rural unless such a community or area “possesses significant characteristics of a non-rural nature, or is considered to be socially or economically a part of an urbanized area.”
*Communities or areas with populations between 2500 and 7000 are determined rural or non-rural based on consideration by the Federal Subsistence Board (FSB).
*A community with a population of 7000 or more is presumed to be non-rural, unless such a community or area ” possesses significant characteristics of a rural nature.”
*Characteristics may include, but not limited to: use of fish and wildlife; development and diversity of the economy; community infrastructure; transportation; and educational institutions.
Postmark: Aug 31,94 11:06 AM Delivered: Sep 30,94 10:06 AM
Status: Previously read
Subject: Subsistence News-9/30/94
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Message:
*Subsistence is mandated in ANILCA for all rural residents. The law does not specify that subsistence is for Alaska Natives only.
*Subsistence means more than hunting and fishing. It includes important components of clothing (wild furs and hides), fuel (wood for home heating, and in preserving and smoking food), transportation (fish and seal are used to feed dog teams), and construction (a wide variety of trees are used for home contruction, sleds, fish racks, etc)
*Big game animals are not the primary Alaska subsistence food items. The main food is fish. About 65 percent of the state’s subsistence harvest by weight is fish. Land mammals make up less than 20 percent of the state’s subsistence harvest.
*Subsistence does involve money and its exchange. Rural Alaskans use money to purchase basic goods and services. Money is invested in the tools and equipment used for subsistence hunting, fishing, and gathering.
*Use of bow and arrows for most subsistence users stopped over a century ago. Subsistence requires equipment that works, is safe, and is sustainable with ecological and economic conditions over the long term. Firearms have been incorporated since about the 1860’s.
